What she said.Redthies wrote: ...I have managed to really screw up my rotator cuff on my right shoulder, and have to be careful with how much I beat it up. ...I’m sensitive to recoil.
The .45 Colt round would be minimally impactful of the three calibers mentioned in this thread. "Soft to shoot" is one way to describe it. From my perspective, I'd say "unnoticeable." It is that mellow. Of course as NCG also noted, there are .45 loads that you can ramp up to a .44 Magnum level. I shoot the .45 Colt round often in a S/A revolver, and it has become my favorite caliber.One option you might want to consider is a 45 Colt in a lever gun. Standard 45 Colt loads are soft to shoot in a lever gun, noticeably easier on the shoulder than the 44 mag. When you need more power, though, plenty of 45 Colt loads that will get you up into 44 mag country.
I neither own a Henry in .45-70 or in .45 Colt, but I have shot both thanks to friends giving me that opportunity. Sorry that I can't compare to the .44 Magnum. Without hesitation my choice would be a .45 Colt lever, especially in light of your shoulder injury. It is a special, soft-shooting, mild round.
All that to say this. Even though I may really like a firearm, if it has the potential to further injure my shoulder or hands (maybe even hearing!), the health issue would be the guiding factor. So when you said "...I have to be careful with how much I beat it up...I'm sensitive to recoil," I think you have stated the bottom line. It's your health that is most important.
I'm not certain if my thoughts have reached the two-cents level. But for whatever it is worth, best as you move ahead.
PT7